欧洲的5G频谱选择（英文版）.pdf

DIGITALEUROPE Rue de la Science, 14 - 1040 Brussels Belgium T. +32 (0) 2 609 53 10 F. +32 (0) 2 431 04 89 digitaleurope | infodigitaleurope | DIGITALEUROPE Transparency register member for the Commission: 64270747023-20 1 DIGITALEUROPE 5G SPECTRUM OPTIONS FOR EUROPE October 2017 DIGITALEUROPE Rue de la Science, 14 - 1040 Brussels Belgium T. +32 (0) 2 609 53 10 F. +32 (0) 2 431 04 89 digitaleurope | infodigitaleurope | DIGITALEUROPE Transparency register member for the Commission: 64270747023-20 2 Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION . 3 2. ITU-R ACTIVITIES: AGENDA ITEM 1.13 FOR WRC-19 . 4 A. SPECTRUM NEEDS STUDIES . 4 B. SHARING AND COMPATIBILITY STUDIES . 5 C. IMT-2020 DEVELOPMENT . 5 3. 3GPP . 6 4. COUNTRY AND REGIONAL INITIATIVES FOR 5G SPECTRUM OUTSIDE OF EUROPE . 9 5. DEVELOPMENT OF 5G SPECTRUM IN EUROPE . 13 6. TEST BEDS AND TRIALS . 16 7. PRODUCT AVAILABILITY . 20 8. LICENSING OF 5G SPECTRUM . 23 9. RECOMMENDATIONS ON 5G SPECTRUM FOR EUROPE . 25 10. LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS . 27 DIGITALEUROPE Rue de la Science, 14 - 1040 Brussels Belgium T. +32 (0) 2 609 53 10 F. +32 (0) 2 431 04 89 digitaleurope | infodigitaleurope | DIGITALEUROPE Transparency register member for the Commission: 64270747023-20 3 1. Introduction The capabilities of next generation of wireless networks will make possible massive new levels of connectivity, tremendous throughput speed and high reliability mobile communications. These capabilities will be met through the development of new air interfaces, new networking technologies as well as the evolution and enhancement of todays technology. 5G is thus more than a gradual evolution of current mobile broadband: it is a trigger for deep social, business, and industrial transformation that will impact numerous vertical markets: automotive, energy, agriculture, city management, government, healthcare, manufacturing, public transportation, etc. Technology developments to meet these capabilities will be deployed in the existing frequency bands identified for mobile communications but they will also require new spectrum resources to specifically provide high bandwidth resources that can efficiently deliver high throughput services. The ITU-R considers the spectrum for public wireless networks (3G, 4G and now 5G) under the IMT framework. At the ITU-R World Radiocommunications Conference 2015 an Agenda Item for WRC-19 (AI 1.13) for studying 5G spectrum was agreed. A number of frequency bands between 24.25 GHz and 86 GHz will be studied until WRC-19, where a decision on allocations for the Mobile Service and/or Identifications for IMT will be taken. In the study period between WRC-15 and WRC-19 the new spectrum needs for IMT will be analysed, as well as compatibility with other services. In parallel, there are country and regional initiatives to specify new frequency bands for commercial use or test systems, such as the Rulemaking in the US, the activities towards the Olympic Games in Korea and Japan and the definition of pioneer bands in Europe. These initiatives are addressing higher frequency bands that will assist to meet the very high throughput capabilities of 5G networks, but also bands below 6 GHz that could provide a combination of high bitrates and good coverage. Some of the bands under consideration are not on the ITU-R list for WRC-19. In addition, there are test systems planned or already up and running in a number of locations and for various frequency bands in different countries. Work in 3GPP is also progressing, and has indeed been accelerated to provide timely specifications for 5G New Radio (NR). In addition, vendors are already developing commercial equipment that will meet the requirements for early deployments in Europe and in other parts of the World. Discussions have started in Europe regarding the appropriate licensing methods of 5G spectrum, e.g. in the context of public consultations in different countries and the second opinion on 5G spectrum from RSPG. Aspects such as harmonisation of licensing conditions, license duration, licensed vs license exempt etc. will greatly influence the willingness to invest in spectrum, and thus the success of 5G in Europe. Methods for making spectrum available for verticals also needs to be considered. These different activities need to be taken into consideration already now in the development strategies for 5G spectrum in Europe, in order to achieve maximum possible harmonization and for Europe to influence and keep pace with international developments. DIGITALEUROPE thus provides recommendations on the way forward regarding 5G spectrum for Europe. DIGITALEUROPE Rue de la Science, 14 - 1040 Brussels Belgium T. +32 (0) 2 609 53 10 F. +32 (0) 2 431 04 89 digitaleurope | infodigitaleurope | DIGITALEUROPE Transparency register member for the Commission: 64270747023-20 4 2. ITU-R Activities: Agenda Item 1.13 for WRC-19 Table 1 details the frequency bands identified in ITU-R Resolution 238 (WRC-15) that will be studied in preparation for agenda item 1.13 of WRC-19 (ITU-R Resolution 809 (WRC-15). The agenda item will consider identifying new bands for the new generation of mobile communications commonly referred to as 5G1. The bands are in the frequency range 24.25 86 GHz and comprise a total bandwidth of about 32 GHz. It is not expected that all of these bands will be identified for or used by 5G. In addition, ITU-R Resolution 238 invites studies into the spectrum needs for 5G across the same frequency range. The selection of bands will depend on the results of the studies called for by ITU-R Resolution 238 and certain frequency ranges may also become more or less prominent driven by regional considerations and industrial developments. 30 GHz 24.25-27.5 GHz, 31.8-33.4* GHz 40 55 GHz 37-40.5,40.5-42.5*,42.5-43.5 GHz, 45.5-47 GHz, 47-47.2*, 47.2-50.2 GHz, 50.4-52.6 GHz 66 86 GHz 66-71 GHz, 71-76 GHz, 81-86 GHz Table 1. Frequency bands for study under ITU-R Resolution 238. Frequency bands marked with an asterisk do not have a primary mobile allocation in the Radio Regulations. 24.25 25.25 GHz does not have a primary mobile allocation in Regions 1 or 2, only in Region 3. a. Spectrum Needs Studies The studies are directed to take into account the technological advances expected for 5G and particularly the related requirements of high data traffic such as in dense urban areas and/or in peak times. The results of the studies have now been contributed to the preparatory work for WRC-19 Agenda Item 1.13 within the ITU-R. Determining the spectrum needs for 5G (or any technology) requires several assumptions about the technology performance, the expected market and services, and the deployment characteristics. For these reasons several approaches were considered by the ITU-R expert group. An “Application based” approach considers at a high level the need to deliver high data rate applications into a population of devices. A Technical performance-based approach considers in more detail the performance of the radio equipment and network deployment and alternatively the impact of fulfilling the 5G Technical Performance Requirements were considered. In addition, some countries carried out their own assessments of the spectrum needs based on national circumstances and these were taken into account too. According to the application based approach, 2-3 GHz for the lower ranges below 33.4 GHz is required rising to 6 to 9GHz for the high frequencies above 66 GHz. The estimates cover urban and dense urban scenarios as well as 1 Formally in the ITU-R, mobile communications standards families and spectrum are brought together under the International Mobile Telephony (IMT) umbrella. IMT-2020 is the new addition to the family that encompasses the capabilities of future 5G systems. DIGITALEUROPE Rue de la Science, 14 - 1040 Brussels Belgium T. +32 (0) 2 609 53 10 F. +32 (0) 2 431 04 89 digitaleurope | infodigitaleurope | DIGITALEUROPE Transparency register member for the Commission: 64270747023-20 5 very high traffic hot spots such as arena events. The technical performance based approach in similar scenarios estimates 5.8-7.7 GHz in bands below 43.5 GHz. Some specific country analyses indicate requirements for 2-6 GHz in the ranges below 43.5 GHz. b. Sharing and Compatibility Studies Within the ITU-R a specific Task Group2 has been formally established with the task of documenting the study work requested under ITU-R Resolution 238 in preparation for the WRC-19. This activity is supplemented by regional activities developing the technical studies between the anticipated 5G systems and the incumbent services in the frequency ranges under study. The incumbent services are frequency band dependant and include a number of space borne and terrestrial applications. So far the largest number of contributions to ITU-R TG 5/1 have been for the 26 GHz band. The study work continues at a pace and within Europe the Conference Preparatory Group (CPG) is developing technical studies relevant to the European situation. c. IMT-2020 Development Having a globally harmonised framework for future 5G technologies and deployments brings benefits for industry, governments and consumers. In recognition of this (as for previous generations) the ITU-R has embarked on the IMT-2020 programme3 of technology evaluation and consensus building towards the finalisation of IMT-2020 standards during 2020. The process invites contributions from the various regional standards setting organisations and subjects the technology proposals to an evaluation procedure based on agreed criteria. The standardised proposals that meet the criteria become part of the IMT-2020 family which is published as a whole in a final ITU-R Recommendation. The figure below illustrates the timeline for this work in ITU-R: Figure 1: ITU-R timeline 2 Task Group TG5/1 3 itu.int/en/ITU-R/study-groups/rsg5/rwp5d/imt-2020/Pages/default.aspx DIGITALEUROPE Rue de la Science, 14 - 1040 Brussels Belgium T. +32 (0) 2 609 53 10 F. +32 (0) 2 431 04 89 digitaleurope | infodigitaleurope | DIGITALEUROPE Transparency register member for the Commission: 64270747023-20 6 3. 3GPP At its March plenary meeting, 3GPP agreed to a work plan proposal (RP-170741) for the first 3GPP 5G New Radio (NR) specification that will be part of Release 15 the global 5G standard. As part of this work plan, a wide number of mobile industry leaders committed to accelerate the 5G NR schedule by introducing an intermediate milestone for an early completion of a variant called Non-Standalone (NSA) 5G NR. This intermediate milestone will enable 3GPP-based large-scale trials and standard-compliant deployments as early as 2019, instead of in 2020 as planned earlier. Non-Standalone (NSA) 5G NR will utilize the existing LTE radio and core network as an anchor for mobility management and coverage while adding a new 5G carrier. This is the configuration that will be the target of early 2019 deployments (in 3GPP terminology, this is NSA 5G NR deployment scenario Option 3). Standalone (SA) 5G NR implies full user and control plane capability for 5G NR, utilizing the new 5G core network architecture also being done in 3GPP. With the recently agreed upon proposal, it is defined a framework to ensure commonality between these two variants, as well as making forward compatibility a key design principle for the standardization of the first release of 5G NR. This will enable in-band introduction of new capabilities and features in subsequent releases of the standard, such as the addition of new signals to support new industries or use cases to achieve the 5G vision to connect everything to everything. An overview of the 3GPP 5G NR Release 15 work plan and schedule can be seen below; the complete details can be found in RP-170741. Figure 2: 3GPP work plan for 5G NR Release 15 5G NR deployments in 2019 will require more than just R&D test beds and a 3GPP specification. For example, it will require over-the-air trials and interoperability testing, compliant with the 3GPP 5G NR specification, to test and simulate 5G NR technologies in real-world scenarios across a broad set of use cases and deployment scenarios. In addition, an accelerated timeline for 5G NR deployments would be incomplete without supporting DIGITALEUROPE Rue de la Science, 14 - 1040 Brussels Belgium T. +32 (0) 2 609 53 10 F. +32 (0) 2 431 04 89 digitaleurope | infodigitaleurope | DIGITALEUROPE Transparency register member for the Commission: 64270747023-20 7 devices. This is why mobile industry is working hard to provide equipment, devices and chipsets as early as 2018 (see section on equipment availability). Work has also started in 3GPP for the specification of the 5G-NR45 bands. The standardization of the first new 5G-NR bands is expected to reach completion by June 2018, within the 3GPP release 15. For the bands below 6 GHz, 3GPP is particularly focused on the C-band: it will address the larger 3300-4200 MHz range within Release 15.6 As illustrated in the diagram below, such a larger range could be technically implemented at the User Equipment (UE) side with two radio chains addressing, for example, the 3300-3800 MHz and the 3600-4200 MHz portions respectively. The following options are being discussed in 3GPP7: Specify two different bands with the indication that a UE supporting Band X shall also support Band Y and vice versa (Band n78/Band X: 3300-3800 MHz; Band Y: 3600-4200 MHz) Specify 3300-4200 GHz as a single band Specify both of the above options, i.e. definition