绿色建筑城市市场简报（英文版）.pdf

GREEN BUILDING CITY MARKET BRIEFSNORTH AMERICA Austin Boston Chicago Houston Los Angeles New Orleans New York City Philadelphia Portland San Francisco Seattle Toronto Vancouver Washington, D.C. CENTRAL a proprietary rating system developed by the Building and Construction Authority of Singapore. The city of Boston requires all large-scale developments to achieve certication under the appropriate LEED rating system. Stockholm requires new buildings on land designated by the city to have a maximum energy intensity no greater than 55 kWh/m2; 35 kWh/m2 lower than the national standard. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 74% are implementing incentives for a greener built environment, 67% have made a commitment to green building codes, 73% have green schools policies in place, 61% enacted municipal green building policies, and 49% are implementing sustainable community policies. INCENTIVIZE THE MARKET NEARLY THREE-QUARTERS of the C40 Cities are implementing incentives for a greener built environment. To further spur sustainable development, many C40 cities have instituted incentives that reward private sector uptake of green building measures. Amsterdam provides property owners installing green roofs with a #50 per square foot subsidy, meant to cover 50% of the total installation costs. Several other cities such as Mexico City and New York City also incentivize the installation of green roofs. Shanghai o“ers developers a wide range of incentives for incorporating various sustainable features in projects, such as the incorporation of renewable energy and upgrades to a buildings shell. Seattle o“ers developers and property owners seeking LEED certication expedited review and permitting to streamline green projects. Nairobi provides property owners that are interested in increasing the energy e!ciency of their property with subsidized energy audits. Increasingly, more cities are targeting the residential sector as a way to reduce energy intensity and carbon emissions. Austins inventive S.M.A.R.T. Housing program provides fee reductions to developers of low- income housing that meet program specications such as green building requirements and access to public transportation. Athens established the Energy E!ciency in Household Buildings Program, which provides residents with free energy audits and access to low-interest nancing to perform energy e!ciency improvements. The Jakarta Green Building Code requires energy intensity reductions in residential structures that can be achieved by simple, cost-e“ective measures. There is also a growing movement in developing programs targeting entire communities with 49% of C40 Cities currently implementing sustainable community policies. TEACH OUR CHILDREN SEVENTY-THREE PERCENT of C40 cities have green schools policies in place that are simultaneously reducing greenhouse gas emissions and educating our future generations. C40 cities are engaging their youth in emissions reduction measures in innovative ways such as Lagos Power Kids Program, an interactive, extra-curricular initiative that teaches students about energy and how their behavior impacts the environment. In Curitiba, students learn proper recycling techniques and are in turn rewarded with toys, bus passes, or movie tickets for their recycled goods. Under the Paris Climate and Energy Action Plan, 30% energy savings are expected in primary and pre-schools; secondary school students are to take part in a program on energy e!ciency that features building tours, conferences, and debates. BUILD RESILIENCE Actions to improve building energy e!ciency collectively build city climate resilience. In addition, C40s member cities are implementing targeted strategies to minimize the impacts of climate change, such as heat waves, cloudbursts or drought. Berlin has instituted a storm water fee system designed to tax property owners based on the amount of impervious service on their respective land. Johannesburg issued a green city bond to develop the necessary capital to implement adaptation strategies. The city of Toronto provided funds for the development of an innovative cooling system that that draws water from the cold depths of Lake Ontario to provide cooling to city buildings. NORTH AMERICA Austin Boston Chicago Houston Los Angeles New Orleans New York City Philadelphia Portland San Francisco Seattle Toronto Vancouver Washington, D.C. BACK TO TABLE OF CONTENTS NORTH AMERICA CENTRAL promote physical activity, community engagement, and inclusion; make amenities and services easily accessible to everybody; and contribute to Austins unique community spirit for current and future residents. 3TEXASGreen Building CodesEnergy Benchmarking and Data TransparencyGreen Municipal BuildingsNew/Existing Commercial Building IncentivesNew/Existing Residential Building IncentivesGreen SchoolsNeighborhood-Scale Sustainability CITY-LEVEL POLICIES PRESENT 53 LEED Gold Projects 47 LEED Silver Projects 5 LEED Platinum Projects 29 LEED Certied Projects Graph depicts the distribution of LEED certied projects in Austin PUBLIC BUILDINGS PRIVATE BUILDINGS This graph depicts the level of control or inuence a Mayor has with respect to the assets under the citys jurisdiction. Powers are assessed by four factors (ownership and control, ability to set and enforce regulations, control over infrastructure budgets, and capacity to set vision), and covers the city-wide geographic area. STRONG PARTIAL LIMITED NO DATA NO DATA LIMITED PARTIAL STRONGREFERENCES 1. City of Austin: Resolution No. 20070215-023: /austintexas.gov/ sites/default/les/les/ACPP%20resolution%2020070215-023.pdf. 2. DSIRE: Texas: City of Austin Green Building Requirement for City Projects: /dsireusa/incentives/incentive.cfm?Incentive_ Code=TX14R&re=0&ee=1. 3. City of Austin: Resolution No. 20140410-024: /austintexas.gov/sites/ default/les/les/Sustainability/Climate/Resolution_No_20140410-024.pdf. 4. City of Austin: Imagine Austin Comprehensive Plan: /austintexas. gov/sites/default/les/les/Planning/ImagineAustin/webiacpreduced.pdf. 5. Walk Score measures the walkability of a city by measuring community connectivity and pedestrian friendliness. Walk Scores methodology is available at /walkscore/methodology.shtml. 6. C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group and the Carbon Disclosure Project. (2013) City Data Inventory. 7. LEED Professionals and Project Figures were retrieved on 12 February 2015. 8. DSIRE: Texas: City of Austin Commercial and Residential Green Building Requirements: /dsireusa/incentives/incentive.cfm?Incentive_ Code=TX19R&re=0&ee=0. 9. Information provided by Austin Energy on 13 October 2014. 10. City of Austin: S.M.A.R.T. Housing Policy: /mayorsinnovation/ images/uploads/pdf/13_-_Austin_housing.pdf. 11. Austin Independent School District: Green Initiatives: /austinisd. org/advisory-bodies/esac/green-initiatives. 12. Green Building Information Gateway: 4900 Mueller Blvd: /gbig. org/buildings/37938?show_all=1. GREEN AFFORDABLE HOUSING The city of Austin has numerous green building provisions within building codes, with requirements that vary according to location, zoning designation, and building type. The building standards rely on the AEGB rating system and the LEED certication system as metrics. In some cases developers have the option of achieving compliance under either of the two systems. Under the AEGB rating system, buildings are awarded up to ve stars depending on the number and breadth of green building elements that are incorporated into the design. In terms of energy e!ciency, rated buildings are designed to exceed the Austin Energy Code, which itself is one of the most aggressive in the nation. In 2007, the City Council passed Resolution No. 20070215-23, the Austin Climate Protection Plan, calling for progressively stricter building codes that reduce energy use in single-family homes by 65% and all other public and private buildings by 75% by 2015. 8 PRIVATE SECTOR INCENTIVES Rebate and loan programs that incentivize sustainability, resource e!ciency, and green technologies are o“ered by Austins municipal utilities and city departments. Austin Energy o“ers residential and commercial rebate programs ranging from residential HVAC upgrades to commercial thermal energy storage. Austin Energys solar programs contribute to Climate Protection Plans 200 MW solar goals through rebates and the Performance Based Incentive (PBI) program. Austin Water and its Water Conservation program incentivize building and irrigation water conservation and greywater reuse through rebates and education programs. Other incentives and resources are available to the private sector from Austin Resource Recovery, Watershed Protection, and Austin Energys Electric Vehicles and Demand Response programs. 9 GREEN AFFORDABLE HOUSING In 2000, the city of Austin adopted the S.M.A.R.T. (Safe, Mixed- income, Accessible, Reasonably-priced, and Transit-oriented) Housing Policy Initiative, which is intended to encourage smart growth and stimulate the development of a“ordable renter, and owner occupied housing. 9S.M.A.R.T. Housing TMis also required to meet green building standards for all new construction. 10GREEN SCHOOLS The Austin Independent School District (ISD) is responsible for implementing green initiatives in schools across the city. Austin ISD initiatives include energy and resource conservation, resource recovery, sustainable school grounds, water management, sustainable transportation, and campus green teams. Composting is available in 90% of school cafeterias in Austin. 11Since 2004, all new school buildings and additions have voluntarily achieved a two-star AEGB rating at a minimum. PROJECT SPOTLIGHT: Dell Childrens Medical Center of Central Texas Dell Childrens Medical Center became the rst hospital in the world to earn Platinum certication under the LEED for New Construction rating system in January 2009. The hospital has also achieved LEED Gold certication for its Neurosurgical Addition and the worlds rst Platinum certication under LEED for Healthcare for the McCarty South Tower Addition. E!cient mechanical, lighting, and envelope systems, augmented by connection to a highly e!cient district combined heat and power plant, resulted in modeled energy savings that exceed 60%. Municipally-supplied reclaimed water is used for irrigation at the hospital campus. Water e!cient xtures help reduce indoor water use by 33% in the main hospital and 39% in the South Tower Addition. Building materials, furniture, cleaning products, and pest management procedures are selected based on rigorous health and sustainability standards to eliminate VOCs, toxins, and other harmful compounds from the healing environment and protect natural resources. 12Photo courtsey of McConnell Photography