6G驱动力与愿景白皮书（英文版）.pdf

Address: ngmn e. V. Groer Hasenpfad 30 60598 Frankfurt Germany Phone +49 69/9 07 49 98-04 Fax +49 69/9 07 49 98-41 Page 2 (13) 6G Drivers and Vision, Version 1.0, 19-April-2021 6G Drivers and Vision by NGMN Alliance Version: 1.0 Date: 19-April-2021 Document Type: Final Deliverable (approved) Confidentiality Class: P-Public Project: 6G Vision and Drivers Leadership: Quan Zhao (China Mobile) Narothum Saxena (US Cellular) David Lister (Vodafone) Editor / Submitter: Javan Erfanian (Bell Canada) Contributors: Bell Canada, BT, China Mobile, Deutsche Telekom, NTT DoCoMo, Orange, PLDT Smart, TIM, TELUS, US Cellular, Vodafone Approved by / Date: NGMN Board, 13th April 2021 2021 Next Generation Mobile Networks e.V. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written permission from NGMN e.V. The information contained in this document represents the current view held by NGMN e.V. on the issues discussed as of the date of publication. This document is provided “as is” with no warranties whatsoever including any warranty of merchantability, non-infringement, or fitness for any particular purpose. All liability (including liability for infringement of any property rights) relating to the use of information in this document is disclaimed. No license, express or implied, to any intellectual property rights are granted herein. This document is distributed for informational purposes only and is subject to change without notice. Readers should not design products based on this document. Page 3 (13) 6G Drivers and Vision, Version 1.0, 19-April-2021 This NGMN White Paper has been endorsed by the following NGMN Board Member companies: Page 4 (13) 6G Drivers and Vision, Version 1.0, 19-April-2021 Contributors: Javan Erfanian (Bell Canada) Kevin Holley (BT) Quan Zhao, Liang Ma (China Mobile) Konstantinos Chalkiotis (Deutsche Telekom) Atsushi Minokuchi (NTT DoCoMo) Eric Hardouin, Nick Sampson (Orange) Timothy Senathirajah, Arvin Siena (PLDT Smart) Nicola Pio Magnani, Lorenzo Santilli (TIM) Zeerak Khan (TELUS) Narothum Saxena, Sebastian Thalanany (US Cellular) David Lister (Vodafone) Page 5 (13) 6G Drivers and Vision, Version 1.0, 19-April-2021 Contents 1 Background and Introduction . 6 2 Motivation and Drivers for 6G . 6 2.1 Societal Goals . 7 2.2 Market Expectations . 8 2.3 Operational Necessities . 8 3 A Journey Towards 6G . 9 3.1 Developmental Considerations . 10 3.2 Vision of 6G . 11 List of Abbreviations . 13 References . 13 Page 6 (13) 6G Drivers and Vision, Version 1.0, 19-April-2021 1 Background and Introduction The 5G vision, outlined in successive NGMN White Papers 1,2 sets out a framework for enabling digital transformation for society and across industry, with a wide range of use cases and associated requirements. Commercial deployments of 5G are now progressing around the globe, delivering new capabilities and improved performance for customers. For Mobile Network Operators (MNOs), a set of features that underpin 5G, including disaggregation, softwarization, cloud-native design and operation, autonomous and distributed computing and intelligence, and a multi- access composable core, are enabling new technologies and business models. This digital transformation of industry is just beginning and its realisation will continue well beyond this decade, supported by continuous evolution of 5G to meet the requirements of diversified industries. In this paper, the NGMN MNOs, with input from NGMN Partners (vendors, research institutions), outline their vision for 6G representing a future evolution of networks enabling differentiated services with expanded market opportunities and novel experience. It first describes the drivers for 6G, and the key necessities to guide the future technologies to respond to the needs of the end users, societies, and MNOs. This is followed with NGMNs vision of 6G, its novelty and capabilities to meet the drivers identified. We discuss a number of fundamental aspects, including new scope and approach, that need to be considered in design and development of the next generation of standards and technologies. Furthermore, we recommend that research and the development of future ecosystems prioritize the key gaps and challenges discussed in this paper. 2 Motivation and Drivers for 6G We believe that the continuing evolution of the mobile industry, and the underlying technologies, must be guided by the imperative to satisfy three fundamental needs facing the society at large, and the telecoms industry in specific, namely: 1. Societal Goals: The need to address societal objectives at large, as also expressed in the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). 2. Market Expectations: The need to satisfy customer requirements by offering new services and capabilities, supported by evolving technologies in a cost-effective manner. 3. Operational Necessities: The need to make the planning, deployment, operations, management, and performance of the mobile operators networks increasingly more efficient. Any future technology development should be contextualized in terms of how it can help the society, the end users, and the MNOs value creation and delivery. Page 7 (13) 6G Drivers and Vision, Version 1.0, 19-April-2021 This section captures the main attributes which are required to address the expectation of the society, the marketplace, and the MNOs. With these drivers, the MNOs shall be able to deliver differentiated new services to their customers, while managing and operating the networks much more efficiently. Motivations and Drivers for 6G 2.1 Societal Goals Advances in communications technologies are expected to play an important role in addressing and mitigating global societal challenges. The UN Member States have adopted the SDGs 3; we believe that future technologies can help contribute further to the success of a number of SDG goals such as: Environmental sustainability (including smart city technologies), efficient delivery of health care, reduction in poverty and inequality, improvements in public safety and privacy, support for ageing populations, and managing expanding urbanization. Network infrastructure is essential to societal needs, and it is expected to become more critical as the role of communication networks expands in every aspects of the society. Therefore, factors such as the following will be central in considering future technologies: cyber security, resilience (to climatic events, cyberattacks, equipment failures, software bugs, human errors, etc.), end-to-end environment impact of our ICT industry, energy efficiency and digital inclusion. These are only some examples where advancements in communications technologies can help address societal needs. The actual impact of future communications technologies would be far broader in scope and larger in scale, limited only by our imagination and creativity in applying these technologies for the benefit of all. Page 8 (13) 6G Drivers and Vision, Version 1.0, 19-April-2021 2.2 Market Expectations In our continued journey towards digital transformation and automated industries, the existing and emerging 5G technologies promise to offer new types of services based on very high capacity, throughput, reliability and very low latency, thus significantly expanding the scope of mobile applications broadening human and machine communications. We expect that tens of billions of devices will be connected using existing wireless technologies over the next decade. As an industry, we need to identify a quantifiable and differentiated role for any new technology that is justified by market and commercial needs. To achieve this, new technologies should enable significant and novel capabilities, supporting radically new and differentiated services, opening up greater market opportunities than the currently existing technologies: Novel and Differentiated Services: New applications and services based on future technologies should be sufficiently differentiated from existing services to minimize overlap of functionalities. These new services should be customer focused, and driven by specific new use-cases, not supported by existing technologies. Expanded Market Opportunity: New applications and services based on future technologies should be driven by their scope and scale for applications, and market opportunity. Development of new technology should consider the law-of-diminishing- returns, among others, quantifying demand for it in terms of market value and comparing it against the cost and environmental impact of implementation. From a business model perspective, new paradigms need to emerge to ensure value to the society and sustainable return on investment for MNOs and the various partners and players of the value chain. Fulfilment of Service Expectations: Any future technology should make practical, significant, and cost-effective gains in delivering fundamental service expectations such as ease of accessibility, service experience, security, and privacy. In addition, any new communication technology needs to have sufficient flexibility in its design to be able to adapt to needs that were not anticipated at the time it was designed, and sufficient potential to enable innovation beyond the imagination of today. 2.3 Operational Necessities Historically, wireless standards and technology development efforts have rightfully focused on radio, transport and core technology innovations. Since the first generation of wireless networks, there have been significant advancements in these technologies, leading to a fundamental change in the way people communicate with each other and a significant impact on societies. However, with the implementation of multiple generations of technology, deployment of greater amounts of spectrum bandwidth, and demand for greater service reliability (whilst catering to an increasing velocity of change), the task of deploying, operating, monitoring, and managing the networks and services has become increasingly complex and difficult. In short, the need to manage complexity, drive efficiency, and reduce costs is now paramount, in the 5G roadmap and the path towards 6G. Page 9 (13) 6G Drivers and Vision, Version 1.0, 19-April-2021 To ensure that these technologically intricate networks and services do not outstrip our ability to deploy, operate, monitor, and manage them efficiently, the industry will need to focus on operational aspects such as: End-to-end System Automation: To manage growing network complexity, reduce operational overheads, and increase ecosystem resilience, seamless hyper-automation is essential. A complete automation framework would allow fully automated life-cycle management by operators, across services, networks, and business/policy domains. This would require end-to-end system visibility and would rely on fully integrated Artificial Intelligence (AI) functionality. End-to-end System Visibility: To enable 360O system visibility, it is essential to develop a comprehensive end-to-end system monitoring and data collection capability. A complete framework would encompass full visibility across services, networks, and business/policy domains with appropriate data resolution and granularity, ensuring sufficiently rapid data collection and response capabilities. Data security, privacy and anonymity functions would be natively built in. System Efficiency and Management: As the infrastructure grows, it is vital to ensure that all aspects of system efficiency (beyond automation) are considered and addressed fully. For example, a non-exhaustive list of topics where the industry faces system efficiency and management challenges are as follows (more details on these topics will be provided in future publications): o Advanced spectrum utilisation efficiency and management functions o End-to-end energy efficiency, monitoring, and management capabilities o Significant reductions in network node form-factors and energy consumption o Fully automated inventory and network topology detection and management functions o Advanced device management capabilities o Fully integrated security management functions o Integrated Electromagnetic Field (EMF) measurement and management functions It should be noted that these topics are independent of any particular phase and generation of radio and core network technology. We recommend that these topics be given the same attention as has been historically given to the radio, transport and core development, and ensure that these critical functions are fully and systematically standardized, natively and horizontally integrated, and operate seamlessly within the holistic ecosystem. 3 A Journey Towards 6G Page 10 (13) 6G Drivers and Vision, Version 1.0, 19-April-2021 By addressing the expectations of the society, the marketplace, and the industry at large, we will make great progress towards a healthier society, superior customer experience, and more autonomous and efficient networks, operations and services. Our vision is to help make this a reality. To be successful, not only will we have to establish what the details of the next generation of standards and technologies should be, but it will also be essential to re-evaluate how the standards and technologies are developed. 3.1 Developmental Considerations The way future wireless standards and technologies are developed will be crucial. There is a need to broaden, align, and rationalize the scope of standards and technology development process to support a healthier and more vibrant ecosystem. To date, the development of generations of mobile technology has been piecemeal based on proposals that cover specific aspects of the system. For the next generation, the industry needs to ensure that technologies are developed holistically across different standards organisations. NGMN will continue to take an active role to provide guidance in this regard. This section identifies some fundamental aspects which need to be considered before starting the development of the next generation of standards and technologies: Need for Increased Scope for the Standards Developing Organisations (SDOs): In order to drive full ecosystem automation, enhance visibility, and improve efficiency, the SDOs need to expand (or make whole) the scope of their activities to include new aspects which are not yet (or fully) part of the current standards development requirements. The hope is that the SDOs and the industry in general take a holistic end-to-end view of the entire ecosystem, and not only its parts. Need for New Standards Evolution Paradigm: It is important to reconsider the traditional notion of a “generational” change driven solely by advancement in radio and core technologies. The focus of standards and technology development should become broader in scope, but also more incremental and agile in detail, building on the existing 5G system. Need for Unity and Integrity of Global Standar