World Intellectual Property Indicators 2019World Intellectual Property Indicators 20192 The user is allowed to reproduce, distribute, adapt, translate and publicly perform this publication, including for commer- cial purposes, without explicit permission, provided that the content is accompanied by an acknowledgement that WIPO is the source and that it is clearly indicated if changes were made to the original content. Suggested citation: WIPO (2019). World Intellectual Property Indicators 2019. Geneva: World Intellectual Property Organization. Adaptation/translation/derivatives should not carry any official emblem or logo, unless they have been approved and validated by WIPO. Please contact us via the WIPO website to obtain permission. 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Box 18 CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland ISBN: 978-92-805-3094-0 Attribution 3.0 IGO (CC BY 3.0 IGO) Printed in Switzerland3 Table of contents Foreword 5 Acknowledgements 6 Further information 6 Key numbers 7 Overview of IP ling activity 8 Patents 11 Highlights 12 Patent statistics 22 Trademarks 73 Highlights 74 Trademark statistics 84 Industrial designs 125 Highlights 126 Industrial design statistics 133 Plant varieties 163 Highlights 164 Plant variety statistics 168 Geographical indications 179 Creative economy 185 Highlights 186 Creative economy statistics 192 Additional information 209 Data description 210 IP systems at a glance 212 Glossary 216 Abbreviations 223 Annexes 224 Patents Trademarks Industrial designs Plant varieties Creative economy Additional information Geographical indications45 Foreword Global intellectual property (IP) ling activity contin- ues to grow at a rapid pace, setting new records in 2018. Patent lings around the world exceeded 3.3 million, representing a 5.2% growth on 2017 gures. Trademark ling activity totaled 14.3 million, up 15.5% on 2017. Industrial design ling activity amounted to 1.3 million. Applications for utility models grew by 21.8% to reach 2.1 million applications, while plant varieties lings reached 20,210 in 2018. China has been the main driver of global growth in IP lings in recent years and it was once again the main source of growth in worldwide IP lings in 2018. Filing activity in China grew by 11.6% for patents, 28.3% for trademarks and 12.7% for industrial designs. The IP ofce of China now accounts for 46.4% of patent lings and more than half of global trademark (51.4%) and industrial design (54%) ling activity. The United States of America (U.S.) saw a 1.6% fall in patent lings in 2018 the rst decline since 2009. However, trademark ling activity in the U.S. grew by 4.3% a ninth successive year of growth. Patent lings and trademark ling activity in Japan declined by 1.5% and 8.6%, respectively. The Republic of Korea saw growth in both patent lings (+2.5%) and trademark ling activity (+14.5%). Another notable trend for the year were the large increases in trademark ling activity in India (+20.9%), France (+10.5%) and Brazil (+9.8%). India saw strong growth in patent lings (+7.5%), while in respect of industrial design ling activity, the United Kingdom (U.K.) (+42.4%), the Russian Federation (+21%), Italy (+16.6%) and India (+13.6%) all saw double-digit growth in 2018. For a second year, this report includes statistics on the creative economy, reecting the publishing industry. Considerable efforts have been made to improve the quality and geographical coverage of these statistics; as a result, this years edition of World Intellectual Property Indicators includes 2018 publishing activity data for 49 countries. In addition, for the rst time, data on legal deposits at national libraries covering 39 countries are included in this edition. It should be noted that, although these statistics are in many ways still partial and incomplete, they represent progress in building a more complete and comparable picture of global publishing activity worldwide. Readers wishing to go beyond the statistics presented in this report can use the statistical tools on WIPOs website (wipo.int/ipstats), notably the IP Statistics Data Center and the Statistical Country Proles. As always, I would like to thank our member states, as well as national and regional IP authorities, for shar- ing their annual statistics with WIPO. Their invaluable cooperation makes the World Intellectual Property Indicators possible.Francis GURRYDirector General6 Acknowledgements World Intellectual Property Indicators 2019 was prepared under the direction of Francis Gurry (Director General) and supervised by Carsten Fink (Chief Economist). The report was prepared by a team led by Mosahid Khan and comprising Kyle Bergquist, Ryan Lamb, Bruno Le Feuvre, Anastasiya Letnikava and Hao Zhou, all from the Economics and Statistics Division. Peter Button and Tomochika Motomura of the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) pro- vided comments and suggestions for the plant varieties section. Alexandra Grazioli and Matteo Gragnani of the Brands and Designs Sector provided comments and suggestions for the geographical indications section. Samiah Do Carmo Figueiredo, CØcile Roure and Caterina Valles Galmes provided administrative support. Gratitude is also due to the Publications Division for the editing and design and to staff in the Printing Plant for their services. Further information Online resources The electronic version of this report and the underlying data can be downloaded at wipo.int/ipstats. This webpage also provides a link to the IP Statistics Data Center, offering access to WIPOs statistical data. Contact information Economics and Statistics Division Website: wipo.int/ipstats e-mail: ipstats.mailwipo.int7 Patents 2017 2018 Growth rate (%) Share of world total (%) Applications worldwide 3,162,300 3,326,300 5.2 100.0 China 1,381,594 1,542,002 11.6 46.4 U.S. 606,956 597,141 1.6 18.0 Japan 318,481 313,567 1.5 9.4 Utility models Applications worldwide 1,761,440 2,145,960 21.8 100.0 China 1,687,593 2,072,311 22.8 96.6 Germany 13,301 12,307 7.5 0.6 Russian Federation 10,643 9,747 8.4 0.5 Trademarks Application class counts worldwide 12,395,700 14,321,800 15.5 100.0 China 5,739,669 7,365,522 28.3 51.4 U.S. 613,895 640,181 4.3 4.5 Japan 560,265 512,156 8.6 3.6 Industrial designs Application design counts worldwide 1,242,100 1,312,600 5.7 100.0 China 628,658 708,799 12.7 54.0 EUIPO (EU Ofce) 111,234 108,174 2.8 8.2 Republic of Korea 67,482 68,054 0.8 5.2 Plant varieties Applications worldwide 18,550 20,210 8.9 100.0 China 4,465 5,760 29.0 28.5 Community Plant Variety Ofce (EU) 3,422 3,554 3.9 17.6 U.S. 1,557 1,609 3.3 8.0 Source: WIPO Statistics Database, August 2019. Key numbers8 Overview of IP ling activity Table 1. Ranking of total (resident and abroad) IP ling activity by origin, 2018 Origin Patents Marks Designs China 1 1 1 U . S . 224 Germany 5 4 2 J a p a n 336 Republic of Korea 4 11 3 F r a n c e 659 U . K . 788 Italy 10 12 5 Switzerland 8 14 11 India 12 9 13 Russian Federation 11 7 19 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 20 6 12 Turkey 23 10 7 Netherlands 9 19 14 Spain 22 16 10 Australia 19 17 15 Sweden 13 21 17 Canada 14 15 26 Brazil 26 13 21 Austria (c) 17 27 22 Poland (c) 27 25 18 Belgium 16 28 27 Ukraine 33 23 16 Denmark 18 38 25 China, Hong Kong SAR 35 26 24 Mexico 32 18 35 Thailand 38 29 20 Indonesia 43 24 29 Singapore 24 32 41 Czech Republic 34 34 30 Portugal 39 31 28 Finland 21 40 38 Israel 15 52 32 Viet Nam 51 22 33 New Zealand 31 37 39 Norway 28 41 40 Argentina 50 20 47 Luxembourg 30 44 43 Malaysia 36 39 53 South Africa 37 47 44 Romania 41 43 49 Ireland (b) 29 54 51 Philippines 53 35 48 Morocco 70 48 23 Hungary 45 49 50 Origin Patents Marks Designs Bulgaria 61 45 42 Cyprus 62 53 37 Greece (b) 47 74 31 Colombia 57 36 67 Liechtenstein (a) 44 62 54 Pakistan 67 33 61 Chile 48 30 86 Slovakia 59 51 57 Belarus 42 63 74 Saudi Arabia 25 95 64 Slovenia 52 73 59 Bangladesh 102 55 34 United Arab Emirates (c) 54 50 87 Uzbekistan 60 66 70 Egypt 46 115 36 Croatia 76 65 58 Serbia 71 69 60 Lithuania 75 67 69 Latvia 80 70 65 Mongolia 104 56 55 Malta (a, b, c) 64 68 84 Estonia 74 75 68 Peru 91 42 85 Syrian Arab Republic 96 59 63 Kenya (b) 72 72 80 Barbados (a, b, c) 49 113 65 Kazakhstan 40 96 91 Republic of Moldova 84 82 62 Armenia 82 79 81 M o n a c o 9 27 67 6 Ecuador 113 57 75 Panama 79 61 105 Georgia 93 84 72 Sudan 67 97 89 Iraq 56 106 92 China, Macao SAR 89 91 77 Iceland (c) 73 86 99 Mauritius 78 88 92 Algeria 83 133 46 Sri Lanka 66 123 73 Costa Rica 95 58 110 Côte d'Ivoire (a, b, c) 64 108 94 Tunisia (b) 76 112 79 Nigeria (b) 86 146 45 Cameroon (a, b, c) 55 122 1049 Note: Rankings are based on the total numbers of applications led by origin. Patent data refer to numbers of equivalent patent applications. Trademark data refer to numbers of equivalent trademark applications based on class counts the number of classes specied in applications. Industrial design data refer to numbers of equivalent industrial design applications based on design counts the number of designs contained in applications. This table lists origins for which at least two types of IP ling data are available. (a) Data on patent applications at the national IP ofce are not available. (b) Data on trademark applications at the national IP ofce are not available. (c) Data on industrial design applications at the national IP ofce are not available. Source: WIPO Statistics Database, August 2019. Table 2. Ranking of resident IP activity by origin, 2018 Origin Patents Marks Designs China 1 1 1 U . S . 228 J a p a n 337 Germany 5 7 3 Republic of Korea 4 9 2 France 7 5 10 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 11 4 11 U.K. 8 12 6 India 9 6 12 Italy 10 13 4 Turkey 14 8 5 Russian Federation 6 10 17 Brazil 16 11 18 Spain 21 16 9 Netherlands 12 22 15 Switzerland 13 24 19 Ukraine 25 21 13 Poland 17 23 . Australia 24 17 20 Indonesia 31 19 21 Mexico 29 14 28 Sweden 15 33 23 Austria 19 32 . Canada 18 15 44 Thailand 37 27 14 Origin Patents Marks Designs Portugal 39 25 22 Belgium 22 35 30 Viet Nam 43 18 26 Denmark 20 46 24 Czech Republic 36 36 29 Egypt 35 39 27 Argentina 51 20 38 Romania 32 38 41 Finland 23 50 40 South Africa 41 37 36 Philippines 47 29 39 China, Hong Kong SAR 57 28 31 Greece 46 . 32 Norway 26 45 46 Malaysia 33 40 48 Morocco 62 44 16 Saudi Arabia 27 41 57 New Zealand 34 42 51 Ireland 40 . 49 Singapore 28 48 58 Israel 30 71 35 Pakistan 58 30 52 Bulgaria 61 43 37 Hungary 47 52 42 Colombia 52 31 61 Origin Patents Marks Designs Bosnia and Herzegovina 100 104 78 Senegal (a, b, c) 69 119 97 Azerbaijan 63 129 96 San Marino (b) 107 125 56 Cuba 87 89 116 Origin Patents Marks Designs Ghana 132 109 52 Jamaica 118 87 88 Jordan 113 81 100 Guatemala 132 64 101 Bahamas (a, b, c) 117 94 90 OVERVIEW OF IP FILING ACTIVITY10 OVERVIEW OF IP FILING ACTIVITY Note: Rankings are based on the numbers of resident applications led by origin. Patent data refer to numbers of equivalent pat ent applications. Trademark data refer to numbers of equivalent trademark applications based on class counts the number of classes specied in applications. Industrial design data refer to numbers of equivalent industrial design applications based on design counts the number of designs contained in applications. This table lists origins for which at least two types of IP ling data are available. (a) Data on patent applications at the national IP ofce are not available. . indicates not available. Source: WIPO Statistics Database, August 2019. Origin Patents Marks Designs Nigeria 69 . 33 Luxembourg 44 63 47 Algeria 66 58 34 Slovakia 59 51 50 Bangladesh 82 55 25 Uzbekistan 49 56 59 Chile 53 26 90 Kazakhstan 38 . 80 Mongolia 80 53 45 Sri Lanka 56 57 67 Paraguay . 47 75 Belarus 45 69 71 Slovenia 54 64 68 Peru 77 34 76 Syrian Arab Republic 71 60 56 Origin Patents Marks Designs Croatia 67 75 54 Kenya 60 . 72 Panama 67 65 . Ecuador 85 49 65 Latvia 74 62 63 Lithuania 70 68 62 Tunisia 64 . 73 Republic of Moldova 75 78 53 Serbia 65 77 70 United Arab Emirates 76 67 . Iraq 42 92 81 Estonia 81 69 66 Cyprus 83 82 55 Georgia 71 81 69 Liechtenstein (a) 50 108 64Patents 1112 Patents Highlights Patent applications worldwide grew by 5.2% in 2018 Applicants around the world led 3.3 million patent applications in 2018. This represents a 5.2% increase on the previous year (gure 1.1). Driving such strong growth was an exceptional number of lings in China, which received about 160,400 more lings in 2018 than it had in 2017. The next largest contributors were the European Patent Ofce (EPO) (7,812 additional lings) and the ofces of the Republic of Korea (5,217) and India (3,473). The long-term trend shows patent applications grow- ing worldwide every year since 2004, with the sole exception of 2009 when they decreased by 3.8% due to the nancial crisis. Of the 3.3 million applications led worldwide in 2018, resident applicants led 2.4 million (71.5% of the total), while non-resident applicant led the remaining 0.9 million (28.5%). Resident share increased from 61.6% in 2004 to 71.5% in 2018. In addition, the proportion of resident versus non-resident lings varies greatly across ofces. For example, more than half of all applications led in the United States of America (U.S.) were non- resident applications, whereas non-resident share was less than a one-tenth of all applications led in China. China received 1.5 million patent applications The National Intellectual Property Administration of the Peoples Republic of China received 1.5 million patent applications in 2018, an amount similar in magnitude to the combined total of the ofces ranked from 2 to 11. The United States Patent and T